William Clifford Blog

  1. The ship has made many trips before so it will be successful in this trip as well.
  2. I believe the ship has no problems, therefore it has no problems.
  3. C. The ship will return successfully from its trip.

This argument is not sound or valid because there is no proof of the ship’s ability to make a trip in the sea. Sure, it has been successful in the past but is the ship safe enough in the present? This argument presents a weak induction, if you do not check if the ship is ready enough for the sea, you will most likely do it again and again, until there is no ship left.

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